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Related Concept Videos

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
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Experimental RNAi02:15

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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RNA Interference01:23

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
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Targeting noncoding RNAs to treat atherosclerosis.

Miron Sopić1,2, Sandra Vladimirov2, Jelena Munjas2

  • 1Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

British Journal of Pharmacology
|May 9, 2024
PubMed
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Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) show promise for treating atherosclerosis. This review covers ncRNA identification, function in disease, and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular health.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases are increasing, posing significant health and economic challenges.
  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in disease pathology, offering potential therapeutic targets.
  • Innovative treatments are needed for atherosclerosis, particularly in aging and sedentary populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of ncRNAs in treating atherosclerosis.
  • To explore methods for identifying and characterizing atherosclerosis-associated ncRNAs.
  • To discuss current and future therapeutic strategies involving ncRNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ncRNAs in atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of ncRNA identification and characterization approaches.
  • Examination of functional roles of ncRNAs in disease development and progression.
  • Survey of current RNA-targeting therapeutics and delivery strategies.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs are integral to atherosclerosis pathogenesis.
  • Various ncRNAs have been identified and characterized for their roles in the disease.
  • Several RNA-targeting molecules are in clinical development.
  • Improved delivery systems are crucial for therapeutic efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs represent a promising therapeutic avenue for atherosclerosis.
  • Further research into ncRNA function and delivery is essential.
  • Harnessing ncRNAs can help mitigate the societal impact of cardiovascular diseases.