Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

2.1K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
2.1K
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

422
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
422
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

601
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
601
Errors occurring during blood pressure monitoring01:25

Errors occurring during blood pressure monitoring

714
Blood pressure monitoring is a crucial clinical procedure in diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions. Despite its significance, the accuracy of blood pressure measurements can be compromised by multiple factors, potentially leading to either falsely high or low readings. These inaccuracies are critical as they can significantly impact patient care. So, it is vital to understand these challenges deeply and adopt strategic approaches to minimize errors.
Several factors...
714
Factors affecting Blood pressure01:28

Factors affecting Blood pressure

3.1K
Several physiological and lifestyle factors influence blood pressure (BP). Understanding these factors is crucial as they are significant in patient education and blood pressure management.
Physiological Factors:
3.1K
Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

715
In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a hormone called angiotensin II plays a crucial role. It binds to the AT1 receptors in vascular smooth muscles coupled with Gq proteins. The activation of these receptors activates an enzyme called phospholipase C, which releases two molecules: inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. These molecules cause a chain reaction that leads to the phosphorylation of myosin light chains and promotes interaction between actin and myosin, leading to smooth...
715

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Do Circulating miRNAs Exhibit Distinct Patterns in Coronary Artery Disease Patients?

MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)·2026
Same author

Expert Opinion on Optimising Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy and Expanding the Role of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitors (ARNIs) for Heart Failure Management in India.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Effect of Yoga on inflammatory markers and its impact on cardiovascular health and rehabilitation: A systematic review.

Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine·2026
Same author

Time-temperature-solvent modulated Zn-Fe bimetallic MOFs: correlating structural dynamics with optical, redox, and dopamine sensing performance.

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2026
Same author

Emerging cryptococcosis cases in Himalayan & sub-Himalayan regions of India.

New microbes and new infections·2026
Same author

Two-dimensional and three-dimensional evaluation of bone regeneration using platelet-rich fibrin versus bone putty in large periapical lesions after endodontic surgery: A randomized clinical trial.

Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion
08:35

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion

Published on: May 26, 2022

3.2K

Approaches in Managing Resistant Hypertension: A Review.

Sanjay Mittal1, Peeyush Jain2, Rajat Sharma3

  • 1Clinical and Preventive Cardiology Department, Medanta Hospital, Gurugram, IND.

Cureus
|May 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypertension affects one in three Indian adults, with resistant hypertension impacting 23 million. New therapies like SGLT2 inhibitors offer improved management and cardiovascular protection for these patients.

Keywords:
ace inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockersantihypertensive agentsblood pressurecalcium channel blockersthiazide diureticstreatment-resistant hypertension

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug
05:57

Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug

Published on: May 17, 2024

721
A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis
08:21

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis

Published on: October 26, 2020

4.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion
08:35

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion

Published on: May 26, 2022

3.2K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug
05:57

Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug

Published on: May 17, 2024

721
A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis
08:21

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis

Published on: October 26, 2020

4.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypertension (HTN) affects 234 million Indian adults, with resistant hypertension (RH) comprising 10% (23 million).
  • Current treatment and control rates for HTN in India are low, averaging 30% and 15%, respectively.
  • Existing pharmacological management follows a stepwise approach, escalating therapy with ACEIs/ARBs, CCBs, diuretics, and spironolactone.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current treatment strategies for hypertension in India.
  • To explore the potential role of Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in managing resistant hypertension.
  • To emphasize the importance of patient education and preventive measures for uncontrolled hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current pharmacological guidelines for hypertension management in India.
  • Discussion of evidence supporting SGLT2 inhibitors in resistant hypertension.
  • Emphasis on individualized treatment and patient-centered approaches.

Main Results:

  • Standard stepwise treatment involves optimizing A-C-D combinations, followed by spironolactone, beta-blockers, and alpha-blockers/vasodilators.
  • SGLT2 inhibitors show promise in managing RH, offering renal and cardiovascular protection and mortality benefits.
  • SGLT2 inhibitors lower blood pressure independently of dosage and other antihypertensive medications.

Conclusions:

  • Individualized, stepwise pharmacological approaches are crucial for managing resistant hypertension.
  • SGLT2 inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic option for resistant hypertension, improving BP control and offering cardioprotective benefits.
  • Patient education, BP monitoring, and adherence are vital for successful hypertension management and prevention.