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Pupillary constriction to darkness.

M J Price, H S Thompson, G F Judisch

The British Journal of Ophthalmology

|March 1, 1985

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A transient pupillary constriction to darkness, a sign previously observed in specific retinal conditions, was identified in patients with various retinal and optic nerve dysfunctions. This pupillary response to darkness can aid in detecting congenital retinal diseases in children.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Neuroscience
Genetics

Background:

Congenital achromatopsia and congenital stationary night blindness are known to present with transient pupillary constriction to darkness.
This pupillary response, though documented, requires further investigation across a broader spectrum of visual impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the occurrence of initial pupillary constriction to darkness in patients with retinal and optic nerve dysfunction.
To assess the clinical utility of this pupillary response as an early indicator of congenital retinal disease.

Main Methods:

Utilized a novel infrared television apparatus for precise pupillary response monitoring.
Examined 50 healthy individuals and 108 patients diagnosed with retinal or optic nerve dysfunction.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

The pupillary constriction to darkness phenomenon was observed in four patients with congenital stationary night blindness, four with achromatopsia, two with bilateral optic neuritis, and one with dominant optic atrophy.
This response was consistently the first observable event upon light cessation and exhibited latency similar to normal pupillary dilation to darkness.

Conclusions:

Pupillary constriction to darkness is a clinically significant sign that extends beyond previously identified conditions.
This pupillary response can serve as a valuable diagnostic tool for early detection of congenital retinal diseases, particularly in pediatric populations with poor vision.