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Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Tablet allergen immunotherapy: the anaphylaxis issue.

Giorgio Ciprandi1, Matteo Naso2, Maria Angela Tosca2

  • 1Allergy Clinic, Casa di Cura Villa Montallegro, Genoa, Italy; gio.cip@libero.it.

Allergologia Et Immunopathologia
|May 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tablet allergen immunotherapy (T-AIT) for allergic rhinitis is generally safe, especially in children, with rare anaphylaxis cases reported. No deaths occurred, highlighting T-AIT

Keywords:
adultsallergen immunotherapyanaphylactic reactionchildrensafetytablets

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Pediatric Allergy
  • Pharmacovigilance

Background:

  • Tablet allergen immunotherapy (T-AIT) has been available for 15 years for grass pollen-induced allergic rhinitis.
  • Extensive data supports the effectiveness and safety of allergen immunotherapy (AIT), with a notable safety profile in children.
  • While generally causing mild local reactions, systemic reactions like anaphylaxis are a concern with T-AIT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and characteristics of anaphylactic reactions associated with T-AIT.
  • To assess the overall safety of T-AIT, particularly in the pediatric population.
  • To review the literature for reported cases of anaphylaxis following T-AIT.

Main Methods:

  • A literature search was conducted to identify case reports of anaphylaxis due to T-AIT.
  • Analysis of reported cases focusing on allergen type, patient demographics, and outcomes.
  • Review of safety recommendations and trends in T-AIT adverse events.

Main Results:

  • Nine cases of anaphylactic reactions to T-AIT were identified in the literature.
  • All reported anaphylactic reactions were linked to grass pollen extracts.
  • No fatalities were reported, underscoring the generally favorable safety of T-AIT.
  • Recent years have seen no reported anaphylactic reactions due to T-AIT.

Conclusions:

  • T-AIT demonstrates a substantial safety profile, with no reported deaths from anaphylaxis.
  • Careful monitoring is advised, especially in pediatric patients, with initial doses administered in a controlled medical setting.
  • While grass pollen T-AIT has been associated with rare anaphylaxis, the overall trend suggests improving safety and a decline in reported severe reactions.