Functional Interface for Glycoprotein Sensing: Focusing on Biosensors

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry and Biomedical Engineering
• Glycobiology
• Biosensor Technology

Background:

• Glycoproteins are essential glycoconjugates involved in critical biological processes.
• Glycoproteins serve as significant biomarkers for diagnosing and managing various cancers.
• Biosensors offer a promising platform for effective glycoprotein detection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review functional sensing interfaces for glycoprotein detection in biosensors.
• To discuss various receptor types used for glycoprotein recognition.
• To highlight signal amplification strategies for detecting low-abundance glycoproteins.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on glycoprotein biosensor interfaces.
• Discussion of receptor candidates including antibodies, aptamers, lectins, and molecularly imprinted polymers.
• Focus on nucleic acid-mediated and nanomaterial-mediated signal amplification techniques.

Main Results:

• Various functional interfaces, including antibodies, peptides, aptamers, boronic acid derivatives, lectins, and molecularly imprinted polymers, are suitable for glycoprotein recognition.
• Signal amplification techniques are crucial for detecting low-abundance glycoproteins.
• Nucleic acid and nanomaterial-based amplification methods are effective strategies.

Conclusions:

• The choice of functional interface is critical for biosensor selectivity and sensitivity in glycoprotein detection.
• Signal amplification is indispensable for the sensitive detection of low-abundance glycoproteins.
• This review provides insights into advanced biosensing strategies for glycoprotein analysis.