Risk assessment of crane operation hazards using modified FMEA approach with Z-number and set pair analysis

In view of two key deficiencies of failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) in crane operation hazard risk assessment-information loss and hazard grade lack, a crane operation hazard risk assessment model based on the Z-number and set pair analysis (Z-SPA) is proposed. In this research, the Z-number is used to address the information uncertainty. To reduce the risk losing evaluation information in the conversion of the Z-number into a crisp number, it is translated into an interval number. In this assessment model, the grades of crane operation hazards are determined using grade discrimination rules and a score function of a connection number based on set pair analysis. Two case studies are presented to exemplify the effectiveness of the approach. The first case validates the proposed method, and the second case illustrates the application of the modified FMEA to crane operation hazard risk analysis. Furthermore, the assessment results are analyzed and compared with previous studies to highlight the superiority of the proposed model.