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Biofortification as a solution for addressing nutrient deficiencies and malnutrition.
Bindu Naik1,2, Vijay Kumar3, Sheikh Rizwanuddin1
1Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be) University, Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India.
Biofortification enhances essential nutrients in staple crops like rice and wheat to combat global malnutrition. This strategy shows promise for improving public health, especially in resource-limited areas.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Nutritional Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Malnutrition, encompassing undernutrition and overnutrition, is a significant global health issue.
- Biofortification offers a potential strategy to address widespread nutrient deficiencies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current state of biofortification research.
- To explore techniques, applications, effectiveness, and challenges of biofortification.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review.
- Analysis of conventional and advanced breeding techniques.
- Inclusion of genetic engineering methods like CRISPR-Cas9.
Main Results:
- Development of biofortified crops (rice, wheat, maize, beans) with enhanced micronutrients (iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C).
- Demonstrated improvements in human health and reduced nutrient deficiencies with biofortified crop consumption.
- Biofortification identified as a cost-effective, long-term solution for nutrient shortages.
Conclusions:
- Biofortification is a promising approach to improve nutritional status in at-risk populations.
- Overcoming challenges like consumer acceptance and scaling up production is crucial for widespread adoption.
- Collaboration is essential to integrate biofortification into global food security strategies.
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