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ACE2: the node connecting the lung cancer and COVID-19
Yan Liao1, Ying Zhang2, Houfeng Li2
1School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University Shanghai 200433, China.
American Journal of Cancer Research
|May 10, 2024
Summary
Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays a key role in lung injury and pulmonary hypertension. Elevated ACE2 in lung cancer patients increases SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and severity.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Oncology
Background:
- Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) is integral to the ACE2-Ang (1-7)-Mas receptor axis, influencing lung function and inflammation.
- ACE2 contributes to pulmonary hypertension and serves as a cellular receptor for coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2.
- Lung cancer patients exhibit elevated ACE2 levels, heightening their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathophysiological role of ACE2 in the lung.
- To examine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on lung function, fibrosis, and inflammation.
- To explore the link between lung cancer, ACE2, and SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility, including therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on ACE2.
- Analysis of clinical studies and molecular mechanisms.
- Synthesis of information on SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung cancer patients.
Main Results:
- ACE2's dual role in normal lung physiology and as a SARS-CoV-2 entry point is highlighted.
- Lung cancer patients with higher ACE2 levels face increased risks from SARS-CoV-2.
- Long-term COVID-19 can lead to pulmonary fibrosis and chronic inflammation.
Conclusions:
- ACE2 is a critical factor in the interplay between lung cancer and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Understanding ACE2's role is vital for managing pulmonary complications in lung cancer patients post-infection.
- ACE2 presents a potential therapeutic target for mitigating SARS-CoV-2 related lung damage.
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