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Reference ranges for serum alpha 1 antitrypsin.

A M Ward, P A White, G Wild

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |March 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Serum alpha 1 antitrypsin reference ranges were established for various ages. Concentrations in cord blood are similar to adults, but dip in infancy before returning to adult levels by 12 months.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Pediatric Medicine
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Alpha 1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a crucial serum protein.
    • Establishing age-specific reference ranges for AAT is vital for accurate clinical interpretation.
    • Previous data on AAT levels across different age groups, particularly infancy and early childhood, may be incomplete or lack standardization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To construct reliable reference ranges for serum alpha 1 antitrypsin (AAT) across various age groups.
    • To compare AAT concentrations in cord blood and infancy with adult values.
    • To define normative AAT levels during early school age.

    Main Methods:

    • Serum samples were analyzed for alpha 1 antitrypsin concentrations.
    • Reference ranges were constructed using specific protein calibration material (SPS-01).

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  • Median values and 5th-95th centile ranges were calculated for different age cohorts, including cord blood, infancy (0-12 months), and early school age.

    • Main Results:

    • Serum alpha 1 antitrypsin levels in cord blood were found to be equivalent to adult levels.
    • A notable decrease in median AAT concentration was observed during the first six months of life.
    • AAT levels returned to adult values by 12 months of age, with concentrations in early school-aged children exceeding those of normal adults.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides age-specific reference ranges for serum alpha 1 antitrypsin, aiding in accurate diagnosis.
    • Infant AAT levels exhibit a distinct pattern, with a transient dip in the first six months.
    • Higher AAT concentrations in early school-aged children compared to adults warrant further investigation into developmental changes.