Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Urinary System01:13

Introduction to Urinary System

2.5K
The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space, on either side of the vertebral column, between the T12 and L3 vertebrae. They are partially protected by the rib cage and surrounded by perirenal fat, which provides cushioning. They are responsible for urine formation and play critical roles in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and hormone production. The ureters...
2.5K
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

90
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
90
One-Compartment Open Model: Urinary Excretion Data and Determination of k01:11

One-Compartment Open Model: Urinary Excretion Data and Determination of k

172
The one-compartment open model leverages urinary excretion data to estimate renal clearance, which gauges the kidney's capacity to expel a drug. This method offers several benefits, including directly measuring drug elimination and assessing the kidney's contribution to overall drug clearance. However, this approach has limitations. It assumes sole renal excretion of the drug, which is not true for all drugs. Accurate urinary excretion and plasma drug concentration measurement can also...
172
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Drug's Physicochemical Properties and Plasma Levels01:31

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Drug's Physicochemical Properties and Plasma Levels

212
Renal clearance of a drug is influenced by various factors, including its physicochemical properties and plasma levels. These factors play a significant role in determining how efficiently the kidneys eliminate a drug.
One important factor is the drug's molecular size. The kidneys readily excrete smaller molecules below 300 Daltons (Da). On the other hand, molecules weighing between 300 and 500 Da are excreted through both urine and bile. Larger molecules above 500 Da tend to be excreted...
212
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

215
Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
215
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

85
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
85

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clarifying Crossover Interpretation and Volume-Signal Assessment in ASSIST.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·2026
Same author

Inhibition of neutrophil infiltration and NETs formation ameliorates neuropsychiatric and renal dysfunction in MRL/lpr mice with lupus.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling of a paternally inherited chromosome 5p13.3p13.2 microduplication in a Chinese family.

Molecular cytogenetics·2026
Same author

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in a patient with thalassemia and a CFH gene mutation: a case report.

Frontiers in medicine·2026
Same author

Efficacy and Descriptive Safety Assessment of Programmed Cell Death Protein-(Ligand) 1 Inhibitors Plus Chemotherapy as First-Line Treatment for Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer in Asian and Non-Asian Patients: A Meta-Analysis.

Gastro hep advances·2026
Same author

Coral reef-inspired hierarchical supersandwich on test strip for ultrasensitive dual-mode detection of cystatin C.

Biosensors & bioelectronics·2026
Same journal

The interplay between genetic and lifestyle obesity-related risk factors could be an important reason for the increasing epidemic of diabetes mellitus.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Association of the serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with in-hospital mortality in patients with acute kidney injury: a retrospective cohort study.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Albuminuria, but not eGFR, tracks diabetic retinopathy severity and retinal ischemia: population-based discovery, clinical replication, and OCTA evidence.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Hydrogen sulfide donor sodium hydrosulfide modulates ovarian steroidogenesis and follicular integrity in a DHEA-induced rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Development of a risk stratification tool for rapidly progressive diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Data mining and clinical observational study on the association between smoking and premature ovarian insufficiency.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats
05:34

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2025

552

Causal relationship between basal metabolic rate and kidney function: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian

Chaomin Zhou1,2, Yanzhe Peng2, Lin Zhan3

  • 1National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immune-related Diseases, Renal Division, Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|May 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher basal metabolic rate (BMR) is linked to impaired kidney function and increased chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk. Conversely, reduced kidney function (eGFR) is associated with a higher BMR, suggesting a bidirectional relationship.

Keywords:
basal metabolic ratebidirectionalcausal relationshipkidney functiontwo-sample mendelian randomization analysis

More Related Videos

Estimation of Nephron Number in Whole Kidney using the Acid Maceration Method
08:15

Estimation of Nephron Number in Whole Kidney using the Acid Maceration Method

Published on: May 22, 2019

10.1K
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:37

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

141

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2025

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats
05:34

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2025

552
Estimation of Nephron Number in Whole Kidney using the Acid Maceration Method
08:15

Estimation of Nephron Number in Whole Kidney using the Acid Maceration Method

Published on: May 22, 2019

10.1K
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:37

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

141

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Nephrology
  • Metabolic Physiology

Background:

  • The link between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well understood.
  • Investigating the causal relationship between BMR and renal function is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if BMR causally influences renal injury.
  • To examine if altered renal function causally affects BMR.

Main Methods:

  • A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using genetic data from large genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
  • Analyzed BMR, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), CKD, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in European populations.
  • Employed inverse variance weighted (IVW) method and sensitivity analyses, including reverse MR.

Main Results:

  • Genetically predicted higher BMR was associated with lower eGFR (β= -0.032, P = 4.95*10-12) and increased CKD risk (OR =1.36, P =0.003).
  • Reverse MR showed lower eGFR was associated with higher BMR (β= -0.64, P = 2.32*10-6).
  • No causal association was found between BMR and BUN.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated BMR has a causal effect on impaired kidney function and higher CKD risk.
  • Reduced kidney function (eGFR) is causally linked to an increased BMR, indicating a bidirectional relationship.