Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...

Gene-Environment Interactions

Gene-Environment Interactions

Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...

Monohybrid Crosses

Monohybrid Crosses

Transcription

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...

Epistasis Analysis

Epistasis Analysis

Although Mendel chose seven unrelated traits in peas to study gene segregation, most traits involve multiple gene interactions that create a spectrum of phenotypes. When the interaction of various genes or alleles at different locations influences a phenotype, this is called epistasis. Epistasis often involves one gene masking or interfering with the expression of another (antagonistic epistasis). Epistasis often occurs when different genes are part of the same biochemical pathway. The...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Expression of concern: Electrochemical genosensor based on gold nanostars for the detection of <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 DNA.

Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications·2025

Same author

Drought-stress induced changes of fatty acid composition affecting sunflower grain yield and oil quality.

Food science & nutrition·2023

Same author

Genotype by yield* trait (GYT) biplot analysis: A novel approach for phenotyping sunflower single cross hybrids based on multiple traits.

Food science & nutrition·2023

Same author

Phenotyping new rapeseed lines based on multiple traits: Application of GT and GYT biplot analyses.

Food science & nutrition·2023

Same author

Dissection of Genetic Effects, Heterosis, and Inbreeding Depression for Phytochemical Traits in Coriander.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2022

Same author

Gold nanomaterials for optical biosensing and bioimaging.

Nanoscale advances·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

A Simple Method for Isolation of Soybean Protoplasts and Application to Transient Gene Expression Analyses

A Simple Method for Isolation of Soybean Protoplasts and Application to Transient Gene Expression Analyses

Published on: January 25, 2018

Deciphering genotype-by-environment interaction in new soybean lines based on multiple traits using different

Parastoo Majidian¹, Bahram Masoudi², Ebrahim Hezarjaribi³

¹Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Sari Iran.

Food Science & Nutrition

|May 10, 2024

Summary

This study identified stable soybean genotypes for diverse environments. Soybean line 5 demonstrated superior yield, stability, and early maturity, making it ideal for cultivation across Iran.

Keywords:

AMMI GGE biplot adaptability pure line yield

More Related Videos

Environmentally Induced Heritable Changes in Flax

Environmentally Induced Heritable Changes in Flax

Published on: January 26, 2011

Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits

Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits

Published on: January 3, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2025

A Simple Method for Isolation of Soybean Protoplasts and Application to Transient Gene Expression Analyses

A Simple Method for Isolation of Soybean Protoplasts and Application to Transient Gene Expression Analyses

Published on: January 25, 2018

Environmentally Induced Heritable Changes in Flax

Environmentally Induced Heritable Changes in Flax

Published on: January 26, 2011

Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits

Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits

Published on: January 3, 2025

Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Plant Breeding
Genetics

Background:

Multi-environmental trials are crucial for selecting genotypes with broad or specific adaptability.
Assessing genotype-environment interactions is key for successful crop commercialization.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the stability of 13 soybean pure lines and two controls for seed yield and agronomic traits.
To identify soybean genotypes suitable for various environmental conditions in Iran.

Main Methods:

Completely randomized block design with three replications across four environments (2020-2022).
Analysis of variance (ANOVA), AMMI, GGE biplot, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Stability Index (SIIG) were used.
Mixed model analysis to assess environment, genotype, and genotype-environment interaction effects.

Main Results:

Significant effects of environment, genotype, and genotype-environment interaction were observed for most traits.
AMMI analysis indicated environment accounted for 65.89% of the variation in soybean seed yield.
Soybean lines 2 and 5 showed high average yields, while lines 5 and 6 exhibited the most stability. Lines 2, 5, and 8 were identified as ideal genotypes.

Conclusions:

Soybean line 5 is recommended for its high yield, stability, and early maturity (128 days).
Line 5 demonstrates suitability for cultivation across diverse regions in Iran.
The study highlights the importance of multi-trait stability analysis for soybean breeding programs.