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Related Concept Videos

Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

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The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins”   is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This...
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Updated: Jun 26, 2025

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Programming Spatial Cell Sorting by Engineering Cadherin Intracellular Activity.

Hikari Baba1, Tomohiro Fujita1,2, Kosuke Mizuno1,2

  • 1WPI Nano Life Science Institute (NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.

ACS Synthetic Biology
|May 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists engineered chimeric cadherins to control cell sorting. RhoA and Rac1 activity directed cell movement, enabling new ways to engineer tissue architecture.

Keywords:
Rho family small GTPasescadherinprotein engineeringspatial cell sortingsynthetic adhesion

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Spatial cell sorting is crucial for embryogenesis and tissue development.
  • It is governed by cell surface affinity and intracellular mechanics.
  • The role of intracellular signaling in cell sorting remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if intracellular signaling, modulated via engineered cadherins, can induce spatial cell sorting.
  • To explore the potential of manipulating cytoskeletal regulators for tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered chimeric cadherins by fusing cadherin extracellular domains with cytoskeletal regulators (Rac1, RhoA).
  • Utilized a fibroblast-based reconstitution system to observe cell sorting behavior.
  • Analyzed cell population dynamics within E-cadherin-expressing and tumor spheroids.

Main Results:

  • Cadherin-induced Rac1 activity promoted outward cell sorting.
  • Cadherin-induced RhoA activity promoted inward cell sorting, leading to tissue invagination.
  • Intracellular cadherin activity dictates sorting direction independently of cell surface affinity.

Conclusions:

  • Differences in cadherin intracellular activity can direct spatial cell sorting.
  • Engineered chimeric cadherins serve as novel molecular tools for tissue architecture engineering.
  • This study provides insights into the mechanisms controlling tissue morphogenesis.