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Blood Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Apolipoproteins With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Prospective Study Among
Kui Deng1, Xiong-Fei Pan1,2, Markus W Voehler3
1Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Division of Epidemiology Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA.
Journal of the American Heart Association
|May 10, 2024
Summary
New lipoprotein biomarkers, such as apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio, show stronger associations with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk than standard lipids. These findings may improve CHD risk prediction in diverse populations.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular disease research
- Lipidomics and metabolomics
- Population health studies
Background:
- Association between comprehensive lipoprotein profiles and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) is understudied in diverse populations.
- Standard lipid panels may not fully capture CHD risk across different racial and geographical groups.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between detailed lipoprotein profiles and incident CHD in racially diverse populations.
- To compare the predictive power of novel lipoprotein biomarkers against conventional lipid measurements for CHD risk.
Main Methods:
- Nested case-control studies involving 3438 individuals across White American, Black American, and Chinese adult populations.
- Analysis of 36 plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
- Logistic regression models adjusted for confounders to assess associations with incident CHD.
Main Results:
- Conventional lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C) were associated with incident CHD.
- Seventeen lipoprotein biomarkers demonstrated stronger associations with CHD risk than conventional lipids.
- Key biomarkers include apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio (OR, 1.57), LDL-triglycerides (OR, 1.55), and apolipoprotein B (OR, 1.49), with consistent findings across demographic and lifestyle subgroups.
Conclusions:
- Specific lipoprotein biomarkers, including apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio, apolipoprotein B, and LDL-triglycerides, are strongly and consistently linked to incident CHD.
- Comprehensive lipoprotein profiling may enhance CHD risk assessment beyond standard lipid panels.
- Findings support the utility of advanced lipid measures for diverse populations.
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