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Updated: Jun 26, 2025
In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Published on: February 25, 2022
Application of 4D flow MRI for exploring factors affecting haemodynamics of iliac veins in asymptomatic population
Chengli Nie1, Li Tao1, Jiangwei Chen1
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing MedicalUniversity, Chongqing, China.
Insights
Iliac vein hemodynamics are influenced by height, gender, and vein characteristics. These factors impact blood flow and velocity, with differences noted between left and right iliac veins.
Area of Science:
- Vascular imaging and hemodynamics.
- Medical physics and biomedical engineering.
Background:
- Hemodynamics significantly impacts vascular disease development.
- Limited research exists on iliac vein hemodynamics in clinical settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate iliac vein hemodynamics using 4D flow MRI.
- To identify factors influencing iliac vein hemodynamics in asymptomatic individuals.
Main Methods:
- Utilized 4D flow MRI on 30 asymptomatic volunteers.
- Analyzed parameters including vein area, angle, tortuosity, flow, and velocity.
- Employed T tests and Spearman's correlation for statistical analysis.
Main Results:
- Height and vein area positively correlated with flow; stenosis and angle negatively correlated.
- Stenosis positively correlated with velocity; angle and tortuosity negatively correlated.
- Females and left iliac veins exhibited lower mean flow and velocity than males and right veins, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Iliac vein hemodynamics are affected by height, gender, stenosis, angle, and tortuosity.
- Significant differences in hemodynamics exist between bilateral iliac veins.
Background:
Haemodynamics plays an important role in the development of vascular disease. There is currently a lack of studies evaluating the characteristics and affecting factors of the iliac vein haemodynamics in clinical practice.
Objective:
The goal of this study was to use 4D flow MRI to explore the haemodynamic characteristics of iliac veins and its affecting factors in an asymptomatic population.
Methods:
Thirty consecutive volunteers without venous-related symptoms or signs underwent four-dimensional postprocessing of their MRI images. Relevant parameters, the demographic data, common iliac vein-inferior vena cava angle, iliac vein area, tortuosity, iliac vein mean flow, mean velocity was computed and analysed. T tests and Spearman's tests were used for analysing. A P value of 0.05 or less was considered significant.
Results:
Height and iliac vein area were positively correlated with flow, while degree of stenosis, and common iliac-inferior vena cava angle were negatively correlated with that. Degree of stenosis was positively correlated with velocity, but the common iliac-inferior vena cava angle and iliac vein tortuosity were negatively correlated with that. The mean flow and velocity of iliac veins in females were lower than males. The mean flow and velocity of the left iliac veins were lower than those of the right.
Conclusion:
The height, gender, tortuosity, degree of stenosis, common iliac vein-inferior vena cava angle of the iliac vein are important factors that affect flow and velocity of the iliac veins. There were differences in haemodynamic parameters of the bilateral iliac veins.
