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Related Concept Videos

Types of Fluids01:27

Types of Fluids

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Fluids can be classified into Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids based on their response to shear stress. Newtonian fluids have a linear relationship between shear stress and the shear strain rate, following Newton's law of viscosity. Their viscosity remains constant regardless of the shear rate, making their behavior predictable and easier to analyze. Common examples include water, air, oil, and gasoline.
In contrast, non-Newtonian fluids do not follow Newton's law of viscosity, and...
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Characteristics of Fluids01:20

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When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...
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When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
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Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

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Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the...
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Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest01:11

Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest

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In a fluid at rest, the pressure at any point beneath the fluid surface depends solely on the depth, not on the container's shape or size. This principle, known as hydrostatic pressure, arises because, in stationary fluids, there is no acceleration, meaning the forces within the fluid balance out. Only vertical forces, caused by the weight of the fluid above, contribute to pressure changes with depth.
When measuring pressure at two different levels within the fluid, the difference in...
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Viscosity of Fluid01:19

Viscosity of Fluid

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Viscosity measures the resistance a fluid offers to flow and deformation. It results from internal friction between layers of fluid moving relative to one another. Dynamic viscosity, denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ), quantifies the force needed to move one fluid layer over another. For Newtonian fluids like water and air, the relationship between the shearing stress and the rate of shearing strain is linear, meaning their viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied stress.
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Analyzing Mixing Inhomogeneity in a Microfluidic Device by Microscale Schlieren Technique
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Engineering Mixing Properties of Fluids by Spatial Modulations.

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We developed a new method to control fluid mixing using external potentials. This technique allows for tunable interactions in dilute bosonic gases, leading to novel phase behaviors like mixed-bubble states.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Fluid dynamics

Background:

  • Controlling inter-fluid interactions is crucial for understanding phase transitions.
  • External potentials offer a way to manipulate matter at the microscopic level.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel method for controlling fluid mixing properties.
  • To investigate the phase behavior of dilute bosonic gases under external periodic potentials.

Main Methods:

  • Modulating local density distributions of two fluids using external periodic potentials.
  • Applying the method to mixtures of dilute bosonic gases.
  • Analyzing phase diagrams, including binodal and spinodal curves.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated control over effective fluid interactions and mixing properties.
  • Observed the emergence of binodal and spinodal curves in the phase diagram.
  • Achieved spinodal decomposition into a mixed-bubble state with finite mixing ratios.
  • Realized metastable mixtures exhibiting phase separation via nucleation.

Conclusions:

  • External periodic potentials provide a powerful tool for tuning fluid interactions and phase behavior.
  • The proposed method enables the creation of novel states of matter, such as mixed-bubble phases.
  • This approach opens new avenues for controlling phase separation in quantum systems.