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Person-specific dynamics between negative emotions and suicidal thoughts.

Kevin S Kuehn1, Marilyn L Piccirillo1, Adam M Kuczynski2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Washington, 3921 Stevens Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, United States of America.

Comprehensive Psychiatry
|May 10, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Suicidal thoughts and emotions vary greatly between individuals. Understanding these personal patterns is key to developing tailored interventions for suicide prevention.

Keywords:
Intensive longitudinal dataSuicideheterogeneity

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) now allow for real-time data collection on suicidal thoughts.
  • Previous research focused on general emotional and suicidal thought dynamics, but individual variability remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the within-person associations between negative emotions and suicidal thoughts.
  • To examine how these associations vary across individuals in youth and young adults.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized EMA data from 60 youth/young adults with a history of suicidal thoughts/behaviors over two weeks.
  • Employed group iterative multiple model estimation (GIMME) to analyze group- and person-specific emotional and suicidal thought dynamics.
  • Modeled associations between five negative emotions (fear, sadness, shame, guilt, anger) and suicidal thoughts.

Main Results:

  • Nearly half of participants (48.33%) reported suicidal thoughts.
  • Suicidal thoughts showed autoregressive effects (past thoughts predicting future thoughts), with significant person-to-person variability.
  • Sadness was the most common emotion linked to concurrent suicidal thoughts, but this pattern was not universal.
  • Other emotional correlates of suicidal thoughts varied significantly across individuals.
  • No single emotion consistently predicted future suicidal thoughts for more than 14% of the sample.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between emotions and suicidal thoughts is highly heterogeneous across individuals.
  • Identifying individual-level pathways is crucial for developing personalized and effective interventions for suicidal thoughts and behaviors.