New Mediators in the Crosstalk between Different Adipose Tissues

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology and Metabolism
• Immunology
• Microbiology

Background:

• Adipose tissue is a key regulator of energy homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and immune responses.
• Dysregulation of adipose tissue contributes to metabolic disorders like obesity.
• Understanding adipose tissue mediators is crucial for developing effective obesity therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review mediators that control white and brown adipose tissue activity.
• To examine inflammatory mediators, immune system components, and gut microbiota influences.
• To explore anti-obesity mediators and their role in beige adipose tissue activation.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review focusing on adipose tissue mediators.
• Analysis of inflammatory adipokines, immune cells, interleukins, and gut microbiota metabolites.
• Examination of anti-obesity mediators including myokines, hormones, amino acids, and nucleic acids.

Main Results:

• Adipose tissue activity is modulated by inflammatory mediators, immune infiltrates, and gut microbiota.
• Anti-obesity mediators like myokines and microRNAs activate beige adipose tissue.
• Current therapeutic strategies targeting these mediators are analyzed.

Conclusions:

• Novel regulators of obesity, such as microRNAs and microbiota, are emerging.
• These newly characterized mediators offer promising therapeutic avenues for obesity treatment.
• Further research into these novel regulators is warranted for clinical application.