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Salivary Glands and Saliva

Salivary Glands and Saliva

The salivary glands, of which there are three pairs known as the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, play a crucial role in maintaining oral health and initiating the digestive process. Positioned near the ears, beneath the masseter muscle, the parotid glands secrete saliva into the oral cavity through the parotid duct of Stensen. Meanwhile, the submandibular glands, located on the floor of the mouth, secrete saliva through channels named submandibular ducts. The sublingual glands,...

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Exploring Salivary Epithelial Dysfunction in Sjögren's Disease.

Braxton Noll¹, Micaela Beckman¹, Farah Bahrani Mougeot^1,2

¹Translational Research Laboratories, Cannon Research Center and Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Atrium Health Carolinas Medical Center, 1542 Garden Terrace, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|May 11, 2024

Summary

Sjögren

Keywords:

Sjögren’s disease epithelial–mesenchymal transition extracellular matrix salivary gland hypofunction

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Isolation of Salivary Epithelial Cells from Human Salivary Glands for In Vitro Growth as Salispheres or Monolayers

Isolation of Salivary Epithelial Cells from Human Salivary Glands for In Vitro Growth as Salispheres or Monolayers

Published on: July 15, 2019

Area of Science:

Autoimmune diseases
Cell biology
Oral medicine

Background:

Sjögren's Disease (SjD) is an autoimmune disorder affecting exocrine glands.
Etiology involves loss of epithelial homeostasis and extracellular matrix (ECM) destruction.
Immune cell infiltration characterizes SjD pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in salivary dysfunction in SjD.
To understand pathogenic events leading to EMT-related epithelial dysfunction in SjD.
To identify gaps in knowledge regarding early SjD salivary gland changes.

Main Methods:

PubMed literature review.
Analysis of pathogenic events related to EMT in SjD salivary glands.
Assessment of molecular patterns of epithelial dysfunction.

Main Results:

Salivary gland epithelial dysfunction in SjD shares similarities with EMT in wound healing.
Pathological changes, including ECM destruction via MMP9, may precede immune infiltration.
Dysregulation of EMT factors is observed in SjD salivary epithelium.

Conclusions:

EMT-associated factors may initiate and perpetuate Sjögren's Disease.
Early epithelial dysfunction in salivary glands is a critical area for further research.
Understanding pre-lymphocytic infiltration stages is key to SjD pathogenesis.