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Neurocognitive outcomes in moderately preterm born adolescents

A E den Heijer1, A S N Jansen2, M van Kersbergen2

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Early Human Development
|May 11, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Moderately to late preterm adolescents show some neurocognitive deficits compared to full-term peers, falling between early preterm and full-term outcomes. These findings highlight potential developmental concerns needing clinical attention.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Children born preterm face risks for lasting neurocognitive impairments.
  • Neurocognitive outcomes for moderately to late preterm (MLP) born children are less understood, particularly in adolescence.
  • This study investigates neurocognitive functioning in MLP adolescents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare intelligence, executive functioning, and attentional functioning in moderately to late preterm (MLP) adolescents with early preterm (EP) and full-term (FT) adolescents.
  • To identify specific neurocognitive domains affected by preterm birth at adolescent age.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Longitudinal Preterm Outcome Project (LOLLIPOP) cohort.
  • Assessed 294 adolescents (81 EP, 130 MLP, 83 FT) aged 14-16 years.
  • Employed the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition-Dutch Version (WISC-III-NL), Test of Everyday Attention for Children, and Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome for Children.

Main Results:

  • MLP adolescents scored lower than FT peers on WISC-III-NL Similarities and Symbol Search subtasks.
  • EP adolescents performed significantly lower than FT peers on most neuropsychological tests, except Vocabulary.
  • MLP adolescents' performance generally fell between FT and EP groups across most assessments.

Conclusions:

  • Neurocognitive outcomes for MLP adolescents typically lie between EP and FT groups.
  • MLP adolescents often exhibit low-average to average performance, with moderate neurodevelopmental issues.
  • These findings underscore the need for clinical attention to potential neurodevelopmental problems in MLP adolescents.
Abstract

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