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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...

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Tissue-specific miRNA Expression Profiling in Mouse Heart Sections Using In Situ Hybridization
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Human MicroRNAs Modulated by Diet: A Scoping Review.

Gwen M Chodur1, Francene M Steinberg1

  • 1Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, United States.

Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
|May 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Diet impacts microRNA (miRNA) gene expression, particularly in healthy individuals. Understanding these dietary miRNA responses is crucial for analyzing diet interventions and their metabolic effects.

Keywords:
dietfoodmicroRNAsnutriepigenomicsprecision nutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • miRNAs may mediate the connection between diet and metabolic regulation.
  • A comprehensive registry of diet-modulated miRNAs is needed for intervention analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping literature review of studies examining miRNA modulation by diet in humans.
  • To identify food items and dietary patterns that impact miRNA profiles.
  • To assess the utility of miRNAs in analyzing diet interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Scoping literature search of PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science.
  • Inclusion criteria: human studies, diet intervention/meal challenge, longitudinal miRNA profiling.
  • Screened 6167 studies, included 25 meeting criteria (7 meal challenge, 18 diet intervention).

Main Results:

  • Dietary interventions significantly modulate miRNA profiles in humans.
  • Metabolically healthy individuals exhibit a more intense miRNA response to dietary changes.
  • Significant heterogeneity exists in study designs, populations, and miRNA identification methods.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs are responsive to various dietary interventions.
  • Further research is needed to understand miRNA responsiveness to dietary intake.
  • Standardized methodologies are required for comparable and reliable results in future studies.