Bilateral renal lymphangiectasia: Literature review of a rare entity

Renal lymphangiectasia (RL) is a rare condition in which lymphatic vessels are dilated giving rise to cyst formation in peripelvic, perirenal and intrarenal locations. Knowledge about RL is limited and based upon individual case reports. This can be genetic or acquired. There is no significant association with any gender or age. It can be manifested as focal or diffuse forms and can be unilateral or bilateral. Most of the cases present with abdominal or flank pain. The diagnosis is based on radiological imaging. Due to rarity of diseases, it has potential to be misdiagnosed as other cystic disease of kidneys. The treatment is mainly conservative but prolonged follow up for associated complications like hypertension and renal vein thrombosis is required. We have presented a case of bilateral renal lymphangiectasia with the review of available literature.