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CRISPR-powered RNA sensing in vivo

  • 0College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, Zhejiang, China.
Trends in Biotechnology +

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May 11, 2024

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May 11, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

CRISPR-based RNA sensors offer advanced in vivo diagnostics by detecting RNA disturbances. This review categorizes these powerful tools by mechanism and discusses their applications and future potential.

Area Of Science

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Genetics

Background

  • In vivo RNA sensing is vital for identifying cell states and diagnosing diseases by detecting RNA disturbances.
  • CRISPR-driven genetic circuits present innovative solutions for the complex challenges in RNA sensing.
  • Existing RNA sensing technologies face limitations in sensitivity, specificity, and in vivo applicability.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To review and categorize the latest advancements in CRISPR-powered in vivo RNA sensors.
  • To analyze the working mechanisms, advantages, and challenges of current CRISPR-based RNA sensing methodologies.
  • To explore future opportunities and obstacles for the practical implementation of these sensors.

Main Methods

  • Systematic review of recent literature on CRISPR-based RNA sensors.
  • Classification of sensors into four categories based on their underlying mechanisms: split sgRNA reassembly, RNA-triggered processing/cleavage, miRNA-triggered RNAi, and strand displacement.
  • Comparative analysis of sensor performance across diverse application scenarios.

Main Results

  • CRISPR-powered RNA sensors can be broadly classified into four distinct mechanistic groups.
  • Each category exhibits unique advantages and limitations concerning sensitivity, specificity, and multiplexing capabilities.
  • Diverse applications in diagnostics and biological research are enabled by these advanced RNA sensing platforms.

Conclusions

  • CRISPR-based RNA sensors represent a significant leap forward in in vivo molecular diagnostics.
  • Further development is needed to overcome challenges related to delivery, off-target effects, and signal amplification for widespread clinical use.
  • The reviewed technologies hold immense promise for advancing precision medicine and fundamental biological research.

Keywords:

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