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[Acute rhinosinusitis in children requiring hospitalization between 2016 and 2022 - retrospective analysis]
Éva Kelemen1, Zsolt Bella1, Eszter Erdélyi1
11 Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Szent-Györgyi Albert Klinikai Központ, Fül-Orr-Gégészeti és Fej-Nyaksebészeti Klinika Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 111., 6725 Magyarország.
Insights
This study found that pediatric acute rhinosinusitis hospitalizations and complication rates remained unchanged during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis of 497 children revealed common diagnoses like acute ethmoiditis and complications such as eyelid edema.
Area of Science:
- Otorhinolaryngology
- Pediatric Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a common nasal and sinus inflammation requiring hospitalization in complicated pediatric cases.
- Understanding ARS hospitalization trends is crucial for pediatric healthcare management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To retrospectively analyze pediatric ARS hospitalizations at the University of Szeged.
- To determine if the COVID-19 pandemic influenced ARS admission rates.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of demographic and clinical data from 497 pediatric ARS cases.
- Comparison of hospitalization data with existing literature and pre-pandemic trends.
Main Results:
- 26 children were hospitalized with ARS, primarily in winter months (November-April).
- Common diagnoses included acute ethmoiditis (19 cases) and acute maxillary sinusitis (5 cases).
- Eyelid edema (19 cases) and therapy-resistant progression (7 cases) were primary admission reasons, with 9 requiring surgery.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric ARS hospitalization numbers and complication rates were not significantly altered by the COVID-19 pandemic.
- While conservative treatment is often effective, severe complications necessitate prompt surgical intervention.
- Early detection and management of ARS complications are vital in pediatric care.
Abstract:
Introduction: Rhinosinusitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal and paranasal sinuses with discharge and swelling. Hospitalisation may be necessary especially in complicated cases of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. Objective: Our aims were a retrospective analysis of the pediatric cases hospitalized with acute rhinosinusitis in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery of the University of Szeged and the determination of whether the COVID–19 epidemic had an influence on the proportion of cases requiring admission. Method: Demographic and clinical data were collected. The results were analyzed and compared to the literature data. Results: Out of 497 children, 26 children, 17 boys and 9 girls were hospitalized (1 person 2 times). Average age was 7.65 years. 52% of the admissions happened in the three winter months, 89% were made in the period from November to April. The diagnosis was acute ethmoiditis in 19 cases, acute maxillary sinusitis in 5 cases, acute pansinusitis in 2 cases, and acute sphenoiditis in 1 case. Hospitalization was due to eyelid oedema in 19 children, in 7 cases therapy-resistant progression, and in 1 patient intracranial complication. Average duration of hospitalization was 4.2 days. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefuroxime were administered intravenously in 16 and 11 cases, respectively. In 9 cases (8 orbital, 1 intracranial complication), surgery was needed. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed in all patients. In 2 cases (orbital abscess), external opening was also necessary, and neurosurgical operation was performed for the intracranial complication. Discussion: The examined parameters correlated with the literature data, we did not find any change in the number of cases due to the COVID–19 epidemic. Conclusion: Acute rhinosinusitis can usually be treated with conservative therapy, but serious, life-threatening complications may occur. Although the number of cases requiring hospitalization has decreased, the rate of complications has not changed. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(19): 747–753.
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