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Atmospheric drought dominates changes in global water use efficiency.

Jingjing Yang1, Xiaoliang Lu2, Zhunqiao Liu2

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|May 12, 2024
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Summary

This study introduces a new method to measure water use efficiency (WUET) using solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF). The findings reveal that atmospheric vapor pressure deficit, not soil moisture, is the primary driver of WUET globally.

Keywords:
Revised mechanistic light response modelSoil water contentSolar-induced fluorescenceVapor pressure deficitWater use efficiency

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Area of Science:

  • Earth and Environmental Sciences
  • Plant Physiology
  • Ecosystem Ecology

Background:

  • Water use efficiency (WUET) quantifies the balance between carbon uptake and water loss in ecosystems.
  • Understanding how soil and atmospheric moisture deficits impact WUET globally is crucial but incomplete.
  • Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) offers a rapid, effective signal for monitoring plant physiological responses to water stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To mechanistically calculate WUET using SIF data and meteorological variables.
  • To analyze the influence of atmospheric (VPD) and soil water deficits (SWC) on SIF-based WUET.
  • To validate the SIF-based WUET estimates against eddy covariance (EC) flux tower data across diverse vegetation types.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a revised mechanistic light response model and Penman-Monteith equation to compute WUET from SIF.
  • Utilized decoupled soil water content (SWC) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) to assess water stress impacts.
  • Validated model performance using data from 28 EC flux sites globally.

Main Results:

  • The SIF-based WUET model demonstrated strong performance in dense canopies, explaining 56% of daily variability in EC-derived WUET.
  • Global average WUET from SIF was 3.49 g C/kg H2O (2019-2020), with higher values in tropical rainforests and high-latitude regions.
  • Over 90% of vegetated areas showed VPD as the dominant factor influencing SIF-based WUET, rather than SWC.

Conclusions:

  • The SIF-based approach enhances mechanistic estimation of WUET at a global scale.
  • This study highlights the significant global response of WUET to water stress, particularly atmospheric deficits.
  • Findings improve understanding of the terrestrial water-carbon cycle and vegetation's response to environmental changes.