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The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
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Diffusion in Porous Rock Is Anomalous.

Ashish Rajyaguru1, Ralf Metzler2,3, Ishai Dror1

  • 1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.

Environmental Science & Technology
|May 13, 2024
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Subsurface molecular diffusion in rocks and sediments is not always Fickian. Anomalous diffusion, characterized by long-time tailing, is common and requires advanced analysis methods for accurate predictions.

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Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Molecular diffusion is crucial for subsurface processes affecting water chemistry.
  • Traditional models assume Fickian diffusion, which may not accurately represent real-world conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and demonstrate anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion in rock samples.
  • To compare observed diffusion behavior with classical Fickian models.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurement of molecular diffusion over two months.
  • Analysis of diffusion in five chalk and dolomite rock samples.
  • Application of a continuous time random walk framework.

Main Results:

  • Anomalous diffusion behavior was observed in all rock samples.
  • Diffusion significantly deviated from Fickian predictions.
  • Continuous time random walk analysis revealed extreme long-time tailing of tracer advance.

Conclusions:

  • Anomalous diffusion is a ubiquitous phenomenon in subsurface heterogeneous porous materials.
  • Diffusion-driven processes in subsurface zones necessitate the use of non-Fickian diffusion models.
  • Advanced analytical tools are required for accurate modeling of subsurface transport.