Correlation between TCF7L2 gene expression and certain biochemical parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Area of Science:

• Genetics and Molecular Biology
• Endocrinology and Metabolism
• Population Health

Background:

• The transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene is implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) predisposition across diverse ethnic groups.
• Understanding TCF7L2 gene expression variations in relation to age and metabolic profiles is crucial for T2DM management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the relationship between TCF7L2 gene expression and key biochemical indices in different age categories of T2DM patients.
• To analyze TCF7L2 gene expression differences between young and old T2DM individuals within the Iraqi population.

Main Methods:

• Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was employed to measure TCF7L2 gene expression.
• Biochemical parameters including HbA1c, triglyceride (TG), LDL, and HDL levels were assessed.
• Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated, and data were statistically analyzed for 150 participants across young T2DM, old T2DM, and healthy control groups.

Main Results:

• T2DM patients exhibited higher BMI, TG, and LDL, with lower HDL compared to controls.
• Significant correlations were observed between HbA1c and BMI, TG, LDL, and HDL levels.
• TCF7L2 gene expression was significantly higher in old T2DM patients (1.68-fold) compared to young T2DM patients (0.207-fold).

Conclusions:

• Age significantly influences TCF7L2 gene expression in T2DM patients, with older individuals showing elevated levels.
• The observed age-related increase in TCF7L2 expression may have implications for beta-cell function and insulin secretion in T2DM.