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Related Concept Videos

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects
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Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects

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Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: Two case reports.

Yodit Abraham Yaynishet1, Fathia Omer Salah1, Bemnet Taye Gebregiorgis1

  • 1Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Radiology Case Reports
|May 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disorder causing soft tissue ossification and toe malformations. Early diagnosis and awareness are crucial for managing this debilitating condition and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive (FOP)Great toe malformationHeterotopic ossification

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Genetics
  • Rare Diseases
  • Skeletal Dysplasias

Background:

  • Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an ultra-rare genetic disorder affecting approximately 1 in 2 million individuals worldwide.
  • Characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification of soft tissues and congenital malformations of the great toes.

Observation:

  • Case reports detail the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies for FOP.
  • Unique clinical features of FOP often lead to delayed or missed diagnoses.

Findings:

  • The study highlights the progressive nature of FOP, leading to significant disability and potential mortality from thoracic insufficiency syndrome.
  • Diagnostic challenges stem from the rarity and unique presentation of FOP, necessitating increased clinical vigilance.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness among healthcare professionals is essential for timely FOP diagnosis.
  • Effective management strategies and early intervention can potentially improve outcomes for individuals with FOP.