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Related Concept Videos

Hypothesis: Accept or Fail to Reject?01:17

Hypothesis: Accept or Fail to Reject?

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The outcome of any hypothesis testing leads to rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis. This decision is taken based on the analysis of the data, an appropriate test statistic, an appropriate confidence level, the critical values, and P-values. However, when the evidence suggests that the null hypothesis cannot be rejected, is it right to say, 'Accept' the null hypothesis?
There are two ways to indicate that the null hypothesis is not rejected. 'Accept' the null...
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Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

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Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
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P-value01:10

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P-value is one of the most crucial concepts in statistics.
P-value stands for the probability value.  P-value is the probability that, if the null hypothesis is true, the results from another randomly selected sample will be as extreme or more extreme as the results obtained from the given sample.
A large P-value calculated from the data indicates to  not reject the null hypothesis. But a higher P-value does not mean that the null hypothesis is true. The smaller the P-value, the more...
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Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
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Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

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Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
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Regression Toward the Mean01:52

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Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
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Related Experiment Video

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Variations on Negative Stain Electron Microscopy Methods: Tools for Tackling Challenging Systems
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Publishing negative results is good for science.

Elisabeth M Bik1

  • 1Science Integrity Consultant at Harbers Bik LLC, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Access Microbiology
|May 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Publishing negative results in microbiology is crucial but challenging due to journal bias. Access Microbiology

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Scientific Publishing
  • Research Integrity

Background:

  • Journals often favor positive and novel findings, leading to challenges in publishing negative results.
  • Unpublished negative results can cause duplicated research efforts and biased scientific conclusions.
  • Ethical concerns arise from unpublished negative findings in animal and human studies.

Discussion:

  • The initiative by Access Microbiology aims to address the underrepresentation of negative results.
  • This platform provides a dedicated venue for publishing negative findings in microbiology.
  • Promoting the publication of negative results contributes to a more balanced scientific record.

Key Insights:

  • Negative results are scientifically valuable and essential for robust research.
Keywords:
negative outcomesnull resultsopen sciencereproducibilityscience integrity

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  • Publication bias against negative findings distorts the scientific landscape.
  • Access Microbiology's initiative supports transparency and reproducibility in science.

    • Outlook:

    • Encouraging the publication of negative results can prevent redundant experiments.
    • This can lead to more accurate meta-analyses and evidence-based guidelines.
    • Fostering an environment that values all research outcomes promotes scientific progress.