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The Histological And Molecular Characteristics Of Early-onset Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review And Meta-analysis.

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The Histological And Molecular Characteristics Of Early-onset Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review And Meta-analysis.

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The histological and molecular characteristics of early-onset colorectal cancer: a systematic review and

Thomas Lawler¹, Lisa Parlato², Shaneda Warren Andersen^1,2

¹School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.

Frontiers in Oncology

|May 13, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) shows distinct molecular and histological features compared to late-onset CRC. These differences, including specific gene mutations and MSI status, impact prognosis and potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords:

colon cancer colorectal cancer early-onset molecular characteristics oncogenes prognosis rectal cancer

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Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer Risk and Prevalence by Stool DNA Integrity Detection

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Published on: June 8, 2020

Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Cancer Genomics

Background:

Early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising, necessitating a clearer understanding of its unique characteristics.
Prognostic and predictive tumor markers in early-onset CRC require further clarification.
This study investigates differences in tumor markers between early- and late-onset CRC.

Approach:

Conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 149 original research articles.
Searched PubMed for studies published between April 2013 and January 2024.
Analyzed prevalence of oncogene mutations, microsatellite instability (MSI), and histological features.

Key Points:

Early-onset CRC less frequently harbors KRAS, BRAF, APC, and NRAS mutations but more frequently exhibits PTEN and TP53 mutations.

Early-onset tumors are associated with adverse histology (high grade, mucinous, signet ring) and higher MSI status.

Excluding Lynch syndrome cases revealed attenuated associations for BRAF and APC mutations and an inverse association with PIK3CA.

Conclusions:

Distinct molecular profiles in early-onset CRC, including specific mutations and MSI, influence disease behavior.
Understanding these markers is crucial for refining prognosis and identifying therapeutic targets.
Early-onset CRC is linked to aggressive histological subtypes and specific genetic alterations that warrant further investigation.