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Exosomal noncoding RNAs in gynecological cancers: implications for therapy resistance and biomarkers

Changfen Xu1, Peiyao Xu1, Jiaqi Zhang1

  • 1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Hangzhou Lin'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Frontiers in Oncology
|May 13, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a role in gynecologic cancer drug resistance. These molecules may also serve as biomarkers for early detection and prognosis in ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Gynecologic cancers (ovarian, cervical, endometrial) are leading causes of mortality in women.
  • Therapeutic resistance significantly hinders treatment efficacy, with unclear molecular mechanisms.
  • Exosomes, nanoscale vesicles, mediate intercellular communication via encapsulated molecules like ncRNAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological roles and mechanisms of exosomal ncRNAs in gynecologic tumor drug resistance.
  • To explore the potential of exosomal ncRNAs as liquid biopsy biomarkers for gynecologic cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on exosomal ncRNAs and gynecologic cancer drug resistance.
  • Analysis of exosomal ncRNA involvement in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and tumor microenvironment modulation.
  • Evaluation of exosomal ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers.

Main Results:

  • Exosomal ncRNAs are implicated in intercellular communication and influence tumor progression and drug resistance.
  • Specific exosomal ncRNAs can modulate sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation in gynecologic cancers.
  • Exosomal ncRNAs show promise as non-invasive biomarkers for gynecologic cancer detection and outcome prediction.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomal ncRNAs are critical mediators of therapeutic resistance in gynecologic cancers.
  • Targeting exosomal ncRNAs presents a potential therapeutic strategy.
  • Exosomal ncRNAs hold significant potential as liquid biopsy biomarkers for gynecologic malignancies.
Keywords:
biomarkersexosomesgynecologic tumorsncRNAstargeted therapy

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