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Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine01:29

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The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
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Microbiome structure and function in parallel full-scale aerobic granular sludge and activated sludge processes.

Jennifer Ekholm1, Frank Persson1, Mark de Blois2

  • 1Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Sven Hultins Gata 6, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
|May 13, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and conventional activated sludge (CAS) wastewater treatment showed similar effluent quality but distinct microbial dynamics. AGS exhibited higher microbial diversity and stability over time compared to CAS.

Keywords:
Aerobic granular sludgeConventional activated sludgeDiversityFull scaleMicrobial communityMunicipal wastewater treatment

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Wastewater Treatment Technologies
  • Biofilm Science

Background:

  • Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) forms spherical biofilms, differing from the floccular structure of conventional activated sludge (CAS).
  • Understanding the microbiome dynamics is crucial for optimizing biological wastewater treatment performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the treatment performance and microbiome dynamics of full-scale AGS and CAS systems.
  • To investigate the microbial community structure, functional groups, and temporal variations in both wastewater treatment processes.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of two full-scale AGS reactors and one parallel CAS system at a municipal wastewater treatment plant.
  • Microbiome profiling and analysis of functional microbial groups (AOB, NOB, PAOs, GAOs).
  • Seasonal periodicity assessment and network analysis of microbial community dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Both AGS and CAS achieved low effluent concentrations, with minor fluctuations attributed to substrate availability.
  • AGS displayed slightly higher microbial diversity and greater stability, with less seasonal variation compared to CAS.
  • Key functional groups (AOB, NOB, PAOs, GAOs) showed similar trends but differed in relative abundance and genus-level composition between AGS and CAS.

Conclusions:

  • AGS and CAS are effective wastewater treatment methods with comparable effluent quality.
  • Microbiome composition and temporal dynamics, particularly at the genus level, significantly differ between AGS and CAS.
  • Functional redundancy exists in both systems, indicated by modular microbial clustering and varied temporal patterns.