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Related Concept Videos

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans
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TEX13B is essential for metabolic reprogramming during germ cell differentiation.

Umesh Kumar1, Digumarthi V S Sudhakar1, Nithyapriya Kumar1

  • 1CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, India.

Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)
|May 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Tex13b regulates male germ cell differentiation by reprogramming metabolism during spermatogenesis. This finding is crucial for understanding male infertility and guiding reproductive assistance.

Keywords:
OXPHOSTex13bgerm cellsglycolysisinfertilityrespiration

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology and genetics.
  • Spermatogenesis and male fertility.
  • Molecular mechanisms of germ cell development.

Background:

  • TEX13B is a transcription factor exclusively expressed in germ cells, with suggested roles in male reproduction.
  • Previous studies in mice and humans hint at TEX13B's involvement in germ cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional significance of Tex13b in male germ cell development and differentiation.
  • To explore the role of TEX13B in male infertility.

Main Methods:

  • Exome sequencing of TEX13B in infertile men and controls.
  • Functional analysis using CRISPR-Cas9 in GC-1spg cells (Tex13b knockout and overexpression).
  • Proteomic analysis (SILAC, mass spectrometry) and western blotting to assess metabolic gene and protein expression.

Main Results:

  • A rare variant in TEX13B was identified in infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia.
  • Tex13b knockout in GC-1 cells led to downregulation of OXPHOS complexes and upregulation of glycolysis genes.
  • Tex13b was shown to regulate the transcription of OXPHOS complexes.

Conclusions:

  • Tex13b plays a critical role in male germ cell differentiation through metabolic reprogramming during spermatogenesis.
  • Findings can aid in screening infertile males with spermatogenic failure and in counseling for assisted reproduction techniques.