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Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Transperineal Prostate Biopsy Using a Cone-shaped Double-hole Method with Dual-plane Probe Guidance
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[Prostate cancer screening-current overview].

Maxime De Vrieze1, Anne Hübner2, Rouvier Al-Monajjed3,4

  • 1Division of Personalized Early Detection of Prostate Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Deutschland.

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany)
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Summary

Prostate cancer (PCa) screening using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has harms and benefits. Incorporating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can improve accuracy and reduce overdiagnosis for better early detection.

Keywords:
Cancer-specific mortalityMagnetic resonance imagingProstate neoplasmsProstate-specific antigenScreening strategy

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer (PCa) screening effectiveness is debated due to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test limitations.
  • Overdiagnosis and overtreatment of indolent cancers are significant challenges in current PCa screening strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of current evidence on PCa screening.
  • To highlight the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in improving PCa detection accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Nonsystematic review of existing literature on PCa screening.
  • Focus on the integration and impact of prostatic MRI in diagnostic pathways.

Main Results:

  • PSA screening reduces cancer mortality but leads to overdiagnosis; opportunistic screening is not recommended.
  • Multiparametric MRI enhances the diagnosis of clinically significant PCa while reducing indolent cancer detection.
  • Future strategies may involve molecular biomarkers and active surveillance to personalize screening and improve outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Organized, population-level, personalized screening strategies are essential for early PCa detection.
  • Multiparametric MRI of the prostate is a key tool for enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of PCa screening programs.