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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

In Vitro ELISA Test to Evaluate Rabies Vaccine Potency

In Vitro ELISA Test to Evaluate Rabies Vaccine Potency

Published on: May 11, 2020

Measles IgG Avidity Assay.

Sara Mercader¹, Stephen Crooke²

¹Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA. sjm7@cdc.gov.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|May 14, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Measles IgG avidity assays distinguish recent from distant infections by measuring antibody binding strength. This assay provides IgG quality results independent of concentration, aiding measles elimination efforts.

Keywords:

Antibodies Antigen Avidity Elimination Immunoassay Immunoglobulin G Measles Serology Serum Vaccine failure classification

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Virology
Diagnostic Assays

Background:

Measles IgG avidity assays assess the binding strength between measles-specific IgG antibodies and viral antigens.
Antibody avidity matures from low to high within months post-infection or vaccination, differentiating recent from past exposures.
These assays are crucial for measles elimination strategies, aiding in the classification of breakthrough infections.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a highly accurate end-titer measles avidity assay.
To provide measles-specific IgG avidity results independent of IgG concentration.
To enhance the utility of measles avidity assays in epidemiological surveillance and case confirmation.

Main Methods:

Development of an end-titer measles avidity assay.
Measurement of the molecular binding strength between measles-specific IgG antibodies and measles virus antigens.
Assay validation for accuracy and independence from IgG concentration.

Main Results:

The developed assay accurately determines measles-specific IgG avidity.
Results are based on IgG quality (avidity) and are independent of IgG concentration.
The assay demonstrates utility in distinguishing recent from distant measles virus infections.

Conclusions:

Measles IgG avidity assays are valuable tools for distinguishing recent from distant infections.
The presented assay offers accurate, concentration-independent IgG avidity measurements.
This assay supports measles elimination by improving surveillance and case confirmation.