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Stoma-related complications and quality-of-life assessment: A cross-sectional study with patients from Ethiopia and
Karolina Eklöv1, Abel Shiferaw2, Alice Rosen1
1Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Background:
The situation for patients with ostomy can be challenging, probably more in a resource-constrained environment. Our objective was to evaluate quality of life (QoL) (using EQ5D-5L) and stoma-specific QoL (using Stoma QoL) in a high- and low-income setting.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study from the Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Addis Ababa, and South General Hospital (SGH), Stockholm, patients with a permanent or temporary ostomy at TASH (EthioPerm), (EthioTemp), and patients with ostomy at SGH (SweSto) were included in October 2022-January 2023.
Results:
Patients N = 66 were included in groups: EthioPerm N = 28, EthioTemp N = 17, and SweSto N = 21. In EthioTemp, 88% used homemade stoma bags. Although morbidity related to the nipple itself was similar in the groups, the overall score from Stoma QoL was significantly lower in EthioPerm, 48/100 than in SweSto, 74/100. Scores were significantly lower for pouch-related problems and social interactions in Ethiopian patients. In EthioPerm, 71% of the patients worried that they were a burden to the people close to them compared to 14% in SweSto (p < 0.001). Leakage was over four times more common in EthioPerm than in SweSto. Mean overall EQ5D-5L score was 18 percentage points lower than the national mean score in EthioPerm and 2 percentage points lower in SweSto.
Conclusion:
QoL was more affected in the Ethiopian study participants than in the Swedish, even when commercial stoma bags were available. The largest problems were leakage, embarrassment with social interactions, and pouch-related problems.
Trial Registration:
NCT05970458 Clinicaltrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05970458?locStr=Ethiopia&country=Ethiopia&distance=50&cond=Stoma%20Ileostomy&rank=1.
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An ostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening from the intestines to the outside of the body, allowing for the rerouting of effluent. This opening is known as a stoma. A stoma usually protrudes above the skin surface, appearing pink or red, moist, and round, and it lacks nerve sensations.
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