Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring Cellular Processes by Modeling Ligands in Cryo-EM Maps
Published on: July 19, 2024
Python tools for structural tasks in chemistry
Fedor V Ryzhkov1, Yuliya E Ryzhkova2, Michail N Elinson2
1N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119991, Russia. ryzhkovfv@ioc.ac.ru.
Abstract:
In recent decades, the use of computational approaches and artificial intelligence in the scientific environment has become more widespread. In this regard, the popular and versatile programming language Python has attracted considerable attention from scientists in the field of chemistry. It is used to solve a variety of chemical and structural problems, including calculating descriptors, molecular fingerprints, graph construction, and computing chemical reaction networks. Python offers high-quality visualization tools for analyzing chemical spaces and compound libraries. This review is a list of tools for the above tasks, including scripts, libraries, ready-made programs, and web interfaces. Inevitably this manuscript does not claim to be an all-encompassing handbook including all the existing Python-based structural chemistry codes. The review serves as a starting point for scientists wishing to apply automatization or optimization to routine chemistry problems.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Structure-Activity Relationships and Drug Design
SAR studies the intricate relationship between a drug's chemical structure and biological activity. It focuses on understanding how modifications to a drug's structure can influence...
Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the...
Structural Isomerism
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
Molecular Models
Structure and Physical Properties of Alkynes
In nature, compounds containing both carbon and hydrogen are known as "hydrocarbons". Aliphatic hydrocarbons are compounds whose molecules contain saturated single bonds (i.e., alkanes) or unsaturated double or triple bonds. Alkenes contain carbon–carbon double bonds and have a structural formula CnH2n. Unsaturated hydrocarbons containing carbon–carbon triple bonds are called "alkynes" and are structurally represented by the formula CnH2n-2.
The...
Structure of Benzene: Molecular Orbital Model

