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Related Experiment Videos

[Visual field defects in hydrocephalus].

N Kojima, N Tamaki, K Hosoda

    No to Shinkei = Brain and Nerve
    |March 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hydrocephalus can cause visual field defects due to ventricular enlargement. Shunt placement improved vision in some patients, suggesting both mechanical pressure and increased intracranial pressure contribute to visual impairment.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Ophthalmology
    • Neurosurgery

    Background:

    • Hydrocephalus is a condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain's ventricles.
    • Visual field defects can occur in hydrocephalus, but the precise mechanisms and patterns are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review visual field defects in patients with hydrocephalus.
    • To correlate specific visual field defects with ventricular morphology and location of lesions.
    • To evaluate the impact of cerebrospinal fluid shunting on visual field deficits.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of eight patients with hydrocephalus and visual field defects.
    • Analysis of visual field test results, computed tomography (CT) scans, and/or ventriculography.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Correlation of ventricular size and configuration with visual pathway involvement.
  • Assessment of visual field improvement following ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion.

    • Main Results:

    • Five patients presented with visual field defects suggestive of chiasmal or optic nerve lesions, associated with symmetrical ventricular dilatation.
    • Three patients exhibited incongruous homonymous hemianopia, linked to asymmetrical lateral ventricular dilatation and potential optic tract or radiation involvement.
    • Visual fields improved in three out of five patients who underwent shunt insertion, with some improvement noted even with persistent ventriculomegaly.

    Conclusions:

    • Visual field defects in hydrocephalus can manifest as chiasmal/optic nerve lesions or homonymous hemianopia, related to specific patterns of ventricular enlargement.
    • Both mechanical compression from a distended third ventricle and elevated intracranial pressure appear to contribute to visual field impairment.
    • Cerebrospinal fluid shunting can lead to visual field improvement in hydrocephalic patients.