Performance of artificial intelligence chatbots in interpreting clinical images of pressure injuries

To evaluate the accuracy of AI chatbots in staging pressure injuries according to the National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP) Staging through clinical image interpretation, a cross-sectional design was conducted to assess five leading publicly available AI chatbots. As a result, three chatbots were unable to interpret the clinical images, whereas GPT-4 Turbo achieved a high accuracy rate (83.0%) in staging pressure injuries, notably outperforming BingAI Creative mode (24.0%) with statistical significance (p < 0.001). GPT-4 Turbo accurately identified Stages 1 (p < 0.001), 3 (p = 0.001), and 4 (p < 0.001) pressure injuries, and suspected deep tissue injuries (p < 0.001), while BingAI demonstrated significantly lower accuracy across all stages. The findings highlight the potential of AI chatbots, especially GPT-4 Turbo, in accurately diagnosing images and aiding the subsequent management of pressure injuries.