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Defocus-integration interferometric scattering microscopy for speckle suppression and enhancing nanoparticle

Nanfang Jiao, Shupei Lin, Delong Feng

    Optics Letters
    |May 15, 2024
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    This study introduces a new optical microscopy technique to improve the detection of single nanoparticles. By suppressing speckle noise, it enhances imaging of smaller nanoparticles on various surfaces.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical microscopy
    • Nanotechnology
    • Surface science

    Background:

    • Direct optical detection of single nanoparticles is crucial for many scientific fields.
    • Current techniques like interferometric scattering microscopy (iSCAT) are limited by speckle noise from substrate surface undulations.
    • This noise restricts the size of detectable nanoparticles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel optical technique to suppress speckle noise in single nanoparticle detection.
    • To enhance the imaging and detection capabilities for smaller nanoparticles on diverse substrates.
    • To overcome the limitations of existing iSCAT methods.

    Main Methods:

    • Implementation of a defocus-integration interferometric scattering microscopy (iSCAT) technique.
    • Analysis of scattering phase symmetry between nanoparticles and surface undulations to identify speckle origins.
    • Experimental validation on ultra-flat glass and silicon wafer substrates.

    Main Results:

    • Significant suppression of speckle noise was achieved using the defocus-integration iSCAT.
    • An enhancement of 6.9 dB in signal-to-noise ratio for nanoparticle detection was experimentally demonstrated.
    • The technique proved effective for various nanoparticle materials and substrate types (low and high refractive index).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed defocus-integration iSCAT technique effectively overcomes speckle noise limitations in nanoparticle imaging.
    • This advancement enables more sensitive and versatile detection of single nanoparticles across different materials and substrates.
    • The findings pave the way for broader applications of optical microscopy in nanotechnology and materials science.