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Tissue engineered multifunctional chitosan-modified polypropylene hernia mesh loaded with bioactive phyto-extracts.

Sadaf Nosheen1, Hamid Mukhtar2, Sajjad Haider3

  • 1Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan, 54000; Dr. Ikram-Ul-Haq Institute of Industrial Biotechnology (IIB), GC University, Katchery Road, Lahore, Pakistan, 54000.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|May 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Surface-modified polypropylene hernia meshes incorporating bacterial cellulose and chitosan with phytochemicals demonstrated enhanced tensile strength and potent anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and wound healing properties. These bioactive meshes offer a promising solution to reduce post-surgical complications, rejection, and recurrence in hernia repair.

Keywords:
AntibacterialComposite hernia meshesPhyto extractsTissue engineeringWound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Hernia repair often involves polypropylene (PP) meshes, but foreign body reactions and infections lead to complications and recurrence.
  • Improved biomaterials are needed to enhance surgical outcomes and reduce patient discomfort.
  • Surface modification of existing meshes offers a strategy to impart new functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel, surface-modified PP hernia meshes with enhanced biocompatibility and therapeutic properties.
  • To incorporate bacterial cellulose (BC), chitosan (CS), and phytochemical extracts for anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects.
  • To evaluate the physical, chemical, biological, and in vivo performance of the functionalized meshes.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of PP meshes functionalized with BC, CS, and phytochemical extracts.
  • Characterization using SEM, mechanical testing, FTIR, and XRD.
  • Assessment of antimicrobial activity (E. coli, S. aureus), in vitro biocompatibility (NIH3T3 fibroblasts), wound healing potential, and tissue engineering capabilities.
  • In vivo implantation studies in rats for 21 days.

Main Results:

  • The modified meshes exhibited improved tensile strength and physical characteristics.
  • Significant anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and wound healing properties were observed.
  • In vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrated good biocompatibility and tissue integration potential.
  • The CS-BC bioactive PP meshes effectively reduced infection and showed promise in healing.

Conclusions:

  • Surface-modified PP meshes incorporating BC, CS, and phytochemicals represent a promising biomaterial for hernia repair.
  • These bioactive meshes possess anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and wound healing capabilities, potentially reducing post-surgical complications.
  • The developed functionalized meshes can significantly lessen mesh rejection and recurrence rates, improving clinical outcomes.