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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management

Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...

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Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch in All-Comer Patients Undergoing Newer-Generation Self-Expanding Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions·2026
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Contemporary Management of the Aortic Arch: A Narrative Review.

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Robotically-assisted, totally endoscopic myocardial bridge unroofing: surgical technique.

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Long-term outcomes of postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: Results from 19,000 patients.

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Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
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Acute Aortic Dissection After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Eishan Ashwat1, Danial Ahmad1, Michel Pompeu Sá1

  • 1Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

The American Journal of Cardiology
|May 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is rare, occurring in 0.2% of patients. This serious complication, particularly type A dissections, carries a high mortality risk within 30 days.

Keywords:
TAVRaortic dissection

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Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a rare but life-threatening complication post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).
  • Limited institutional data exists on the incidence and outcomes of AAD following TAVR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of post-TAVR AAD.
  • To analyze the characteristics, causes, and outcomes of patients who develop AAD after TAVR.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 4,317 patients undergoing TAVR between 2013 and 2022.
  • Identification of patients with clinical or radiologic evidence of AAD post-TAVR.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, dissection type, causes, and survival data.

Main Results:

  • Nine patients (0.2%) experienced AAD post-TAVR, with a mean age of 80 years.
  • Common causes included posterior annular rupture (44%) and valve embolization (22%).
  • Six patients (66.7%) died within 30 days, predominantly those with type A dissections.

Conclusions:

  • AAD is a rare but frequently fatal complication of TAVR, especially type A dissections.
  • Posterior annular rupture and valve embolization are key mechanisms.
  • Prompt management, including endovascular repair, is crucial for survivors.