Make my haemodynamic monitor GREEN: sustainable monitoring solutions

Anaesthesiologists overwhelmingly favour pulse wave analysis techniques as their primary method to monitor cardiac output during high-risk noncardiac surgery. In patients with a radial arterial catheter in place, pulse wave analysis techniques have the advantage of instantly providing non-operator-dependent and continuous haemodynamic monitoring information. Green pulse wave analysis techniques working with any standard pressure transducer are as reliable as techniques requiring dedicated pressure transducers. They have the advantage of minimising plastic waste and related carbon dioxide emissions, and also significantly reducing hospital costs. The future integration of pulse wave analysis algorithms into multivariable bedside monitors, obviating the need for standalone haemodynamic monitors, could lead to wider use of haemodynamic monitoring solutions by further reducing their cost and carbon footprint.