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Protostylid: Contributing and Aggravating Factor for Periodontitis.

Sanket Shinde1, Ramnath Elangovan2, Dinesh C Maganti2

  • 1Periodontology, Ram Krishna Dharmarth Foundation University, Bhopal, IND.

Cureus
|May 17, 2024
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Summary

This case report highlights protostylid, a rare extra cusp on molars. Early diagnosis is crucial for preventing dental complications and aiding forensic identification.

Keywords:
dental forensicsendodontic therapyperiodontitisplaque accumulationprotostylid

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Oral Pathology
  • Forensic Odontology

Background:

  • Dental developmental disturbances can cause anomalies in tooth size, shape, number, structure, and eruption.
  • Common anomalies include germination, fusion, concrescence, dilaceration, talons cusp, and dens in dente.
  • Protostylid, an accessory cusp on the buccal aspect of maxillary molars, is a rare finding.

Observation:

  • Protostylid can lead to plaque accumulation, complicating oral hygiene and potentially causing clinical attachment and bone loss.
  • This condition is often undiagnosed, necessitating increased clinician awareness.
  • This case presents one of the rarest instances of protostylid reported.

Findings:

  • The presence of a protostylid can complicate endodontic therapy due to root canal morphology alterations.
  • Periodontal therapy may be challenging due to groove formation, hindering plaque control and leading to bone loss.
  • The unique morphology of protostylid may be valuable in forensic dentistry for victim identification and bite mark analysis.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis of protostylid is essential for preventing severe dental complications and simplifying management.
  • Increased awareness among clinicians is vital for timely identification and intervention.
  • Protostylid serves as a significant morphological marker in forensic dentistry for identification purposes.