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Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza Infections in Children in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2015-2021

Lien Anh Ha Do1,2, Naranzul Tsedenbal3, Chimidregzen Khishigmunkh3

  • 1New Vaccines Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
|May 17, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) significantly impacts children under six months in Mongolia. Coinfection with Streptococcus pneumoniae did not increase the severity of RSV or influenza-related lower respiratory tract infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Respiratory virology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza infections in children under two years old in Mongolia.
  • This study presents findings from four districts of Ulaanbaatar between April 2015 and June 2021.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and severity of RSV and influenza infections in young children in Mongolia.
  • To examine the role of Streptococcus pneumoniae (S.p.) coinfection in the severity of these viral respiratory infections.

Main Methods:

  • The study included children under two years old hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) or radiological pneumonia.
  • Nasopharyngeal swabs were tested for RSV and influenza using qRT-PCR.
  • S.p. detection and serotyping were performed using qPCR, culture, and DNA microarray on swabs from patients with pneumonia and a subset of other patients.

Main Results:

  • RSV and influenza infections were detected in 37.0% and 6.8% of 5705 patients, respectively.
  • Very severe RSV infection was more common in infants aged 2-6 months (42.2%) compared to older children (31.4%).
  • S.p. carriage was found in 47.0% of patients; coinfection with RSV or influenza did not increase LRTI severity.

Conclusions:

  • RSV is a significant pathogen causing severe LRTIs in Mongolian children under six months.
  • Coinfection with S.p. and RSV or influenza viruses was not associated with increased disease severity in this cohort.
Abstract

Keywords:
influenza viruslower respiratory tract infectionsrespiratory syncytial virus

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