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Author Spotlight: Leaf Trait Analysis for Climate and Ecology Reconstruction in Modern and Ancient Plant Communities

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Published on: October 25, 2024

Stomatal evolution and plant adaptation to future climate.

Guang Chen¹, Yuan Qin², Jian Wang¹

¹Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.

Plant, Cell & Environment

|May 17, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Plant stomata evolved new development genes while retaining ancient signaling pathways. This allowed early land plants to adapt to diverse environments and climate changes.

Keywords:

abiotic stresses climate change membrane transporters molecular evolution photosynthesis stomatal guard cell sustainable plant production

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Area of Science:

Plant Biology and Ecology
Evolutionary Biology
Climate Change Adaptation

Background:

Global climate change impacts plant physiological processes like photosynthesis and transpiration.
Stomata are crucial for plant gas exchange, enabling colonization of terrestrial environments.
The origin, evolution, and control mechanisms of stomata remain key research questions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the evolutionary history and diversity of stomata using fossil and phylogenetic data.
To summarize the functional evolution of guard cell membrane transporters under climate change.
To investigate the evolutionary origins of stomatal development and movement control genes.

Main Methods:

Review of fossil evidence for stomatal origins.
Phylogenetic analyses to trace stomatal evolution.
Comparative genomics to analyze gene evolution in stomatal development and signaling.

Main Results:

Core signaling elements controlling stomatal movement are evolutionarily ancient, predating stomata.
Genes involved in stomatal development co-evolved with the earliest stomata.
Novel genes for stomatal development were acquired, while signaling genes were ancestrally inherited and repurposed.

Conclusions:

Stomatal evolution involved acquiring new development genes and co-opting ancient signaling pathways.
These distinct evolutionary strategies facilitated plant adaptation and diversification.
Understanding stomatal evolution provides insights into plant resilience to environmental changes.