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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines for Autistic People Across the Lifespan.

Kristie K Patten1, Kavitha Murthi2, Dora D Onwumere3

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Occupational therapy guidelines emphasize multidisciplinary, goal-oriented interventions for autistic individuals. Evidence supports strengths-based approaches and environmental adaptations to enhance participation and well-being.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational therapy
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
  • Neurodiversity

Background:

  • Autistic individuals and their families require evidence-based interventions to improve well-being and occupational engagement.
  • Occupational therapy practitioners need guidance for clinical decision-making when supporting autistic clients and their care partners.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide practice guidelines for occupational therapy practitioners working with autistic individuals.
  • To expand knowledge on interventions promoting access, inclusion, engagement, and meaningful participation in occupations for autistic people.

Main Methods:

  • Development based on four systematic reviews and supporting literature.
  • Iterative and collaborative process involving revisions and integration of evidence.
  • Inclusion of 98 articles in systematic reviews, with 48 informing clinical recommendations.

Main Results:

  • Strong to moderate evidence supports multidisciplinary, goal-oriented interventions across various contexts.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the benefits of incorporating autistic individuals' strengths, interests, and perspectives.
  • Evidence gaps exist for neurodiversity-affirming practices and participation in activities of daily living (ADLs) for autistic youth.

Conclusions:

  • Multidisciplinary, goal-oriented interventions are crucial for supporting autistic individuals.
  • Strengths-based language, environmental adaptations, care partner education, and coaching enhance occupational therapy service delivery.
  • Further research is needed to support neurodiversity-affirming practices and ADL participation for autistic youth.