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Problems in the detection of complement-fixing immune complexes.

E Rødahl

    Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica. Section C, Immunology
    |June 1, 1985
    PubMed
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    Interfering antibodies can cause errors in complement-fixing immune complex detection tests for ankylosing spondylitis. This study details methods to correct for these antibodies, ensuring accurate results in immune complex assays.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Clinical Chemistry
    • Rheumatology

    Background:

    • Complement-fixing immune complexes are implicated in ankylosing spondylitis pathogenesis.
    • Assays detecting these complexes, such as anti-C1q, anti-C3, and conglutinin-binding assays, are crucial for diagnosis.
    • Cross-reacting antibodies in patient sera can lead to inaccurate test interpretations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and address the issue of cross-reacting antibodies in complement-fixing immune complex detection assays.
    • To develop and validate methods for correcting erroneous results caused by interfering antibodies.

    Main Methods:

    • Sera from patients with ankylosing spondylitis and healthy donors were tested using anti-C1q, anti-C3, and conglutinin-binding assays.
    • Conglutinin-binding assay interference was corrected by testing binding in the presence and absence of Ca++.

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  • Anti-C1q and anti-C3 assays incorporated F(ab')2 fragments of normal IgG to detect anti-F(ab)2 antibodies.

    • Main Results:

    • Cross-reacting antibodies were detected in several sera, leading to potential misinterpretation of complement-fixing immune complex levels.
    • The implemented correction methods successfully identified and accounted for the interfering antibodies.
    • Accurate detection of complement-fixing immune complexes was achieved after applying the correction strategies.

    Conclusions:

    • Interfering antibodies pose a significant challenge in the accurate detection of complement-fixing immune complexes.
    • Validated correction strategies are essential for reliable interpretation of results from anti-C1q, anti-C3, and conglutinin-binding assays.
    • These refined methods improve the diagnostic utility of immune complex detection in conditions like ankylosing spondylitis.