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Aqueous humor perturbations in chronic smokers: a proteomic study
Radgonde Amer1,2, Adi Koriat3
1Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. radgonde@gmail.com.
Scientific Reports
|May 17, 2024
Summary
Smoking significantly impacts eye health, altering the aqueous humor proteome. Chronic smokers show distinct protein changes, potentially revealing biomarkers for smoking-related eye diseases.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Proteomics
- Toxicology
Background:
- Smoking is a major risk factor for various ocular diseases, including cataracts, macular degeneration, and glaucoma.
- The precise molecular mechanisms linking smoking to eye pathology are not fully understood.
- The aqueous humor proteome's response to chronic smoking requires further characterization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the aqueous humor proteome in chronic smokers.
- To identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) associated with smoking.
- To explore potential proteomic biomarkers for smoking-induced ocular conditions.
Main Methods:
- Proteomic analysis of aqueous humor samples from chronic smokers and a control group.
- Quantitative comparison to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs).
- Bioinformatic analysis to determine biological and molecular functions of DEPs.
Main Results:
- Chronic smokers exhibited 67 differentially expressed proteins (37 upregulated, 30 downregulated) in their aqueous humor compared to controls.
- DEPs were involved in immune responses (complement activation, lymphocyte immunity), detoxification, and oxygen transport.
- Upregulated proteins included acute phase reactants like clusterin, fibrinogen, and alpha-1-antitrypsin.
Conclusions:
- Chronic smoking induces significant alterations in the aqueous humor proteome.
- Identified DEPs offer insights into the pathogenesis of smoking-associated eye diseases.
- Specific proteins may serve as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for ocular conditions linked to smoking.
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