Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 26, 2025
06:40
Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
Published on: January 11, 2019
11.6K
Accessory Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle in Humans: A Rare Anatomical Case with Clinical Considerations
Dibakar Borthakur1, Arthi Ganapathy1, Mohammed Ahmed Ansari1
1Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Prague Medical Report
|May 18, 2024
Summary
A rare anatomical variation, the accessory flexor carpi ulnaris muscle, was identified in a cadaver. This finding is crucial for understanding potential ulnar nerve compression and its use in reconstructive surgery.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Human Anatomy
- Musculoskeletal System
Background:
- Anatomical variations in forearm flexor muscles are uncommon.
- These variations can be incidentally found or associated with clinical symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of a unilateral accessory flexor carpi ulnaris (AFCU) muscle.
- To discuss the clinical significance of this rare anatomical variation.
Main Methods:
- Cadaveric dissection of a 78-year-old male.
- Literature review using PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar.
- Gross anatomical findings were recorded and photographed.
Main Results:
- An anomalous AFCU muscle was observed in the left forearm.
- The AFCU originated from the ante-brachial fascia, deep to the main flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU).
- It inserted onto the proximal phalanx of the little finger and was innervated by the ulnar nerve.
Conclusions:
- The AFCU muscle is a rare anatomical variation.
- Awareness of AFCU is important for diagnosing ulnar nerve compression.
- This muscle may have potential applications in reconstructive surgeries.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna
2.1K
The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
2.1K
01:17Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers
949
The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi...
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi...
949
01:22Spinal Nerves: Plexus I
854
Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
854
01:16Muscles that Move the Forearm
1.5K
The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
1.5K
01:09Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius
2.2K
The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
2.2K
01:19Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus
3.1K
The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
3.1K