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Related Concept Videos

Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

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Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

980
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

86
Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
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Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

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Overview
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Lymphocyte Isolation from Human Skin for Phenotypic Analysis and Ex Vivo Cell Culture
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Inflammatory memory in psoriasis: From remission to recurrence.

Luc Francis1, Francesca Capon2, Catherine H Smith1

  • 1St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London and Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|May 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Psoriasis treatments clear skin but recurrence is common after stopping drugs. Understanding "inflammatory memory" in skin cells may help sustain remission and reduce treatment burden.

Keywords:
Inflammatory memoryepigeneticspsoriasisrecurrenceremissionsingle cell technologytissue resident memory T cell

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Targeted immunomodulatory therapies significantly improve severe psoriasis outcomes, achieving up to 60% skin clearance.
  • Psoriasis recurrence after drug withdrawal is frequent, leading to prolonged, costly treatments.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of recurrence is crucial for long-term disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review research on "inflammatory memory" in resolved psoriasis skin.
  • To explore potential mechanisms driving psoriasis recurrence after drug withdrawal.
  • To identify cellular interactions involved in the transition from remission to recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on psoriasis recurrence and inflammatory memory.
  • Analysis of research implicating specific immune and skin cells.
  • Consideration of single-cell technologies for understanding cellular interactions.

Main Results:

  • Tissue-resident memory T cells, Langerhans cells, and dermal dendritic cells are implicated in psoriasis recurrence.
  • Keratinocytes and fibroblasts are increasingly recognized for their role.
  • Interactions between these cell populations are key to understanding remission-to-recurrence shifts.

Conclusions:

  • Elucidating cellular interactions via advanced technologies can reveal recurrence mechanisms.
  • This knowledge may enable personalized strategies to maintain remission.
  • Developing such strategies could reduce the long-term drug burden for psoriasis patients.